Heat oven to 400° F. Cook the spaghetti according to the package directions; drain and return it to the pot.
Meanwhile, combine the chickpeas, panko, capers, oil, garlic, coriander, and ½ teaspoon each salt and pepper on a rimmed baking sheet. Roast, tossing once, until crispy, 18 to 22 minutes.
Add the chickpeas, cilantro, and lemon juice to the pasta and toss to combine.